(1) Mea pale pale māmā: He ʻano mea kēia e hiki ke pale a hōʻike paha i nā kukuna ultraviolet, i ʻole e komo ke kukui i loko o ka polymer, i mea e pale ai i ka polymer. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea pale māmā i nā puaʻa inorganic e like me ke kalapona ʻeleʻele a me ka titanium oxide a me nā puaʻa kūlohelohe e like me ka phthalocyanine blue a me ka phthalocyanine green, a ma waena o nā kalapona ʻeleʻele ka hopena pale maikaʻi loa.
(2) Ultraviolet absorber: Hiki iā ia ke hoʻopili pono i ke kukui ultraviolet me ka lōʻihi o ka nalu o 290 ~ 410nm, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke komo i ka mālamalama ʻike. Loaʻa iā ia ka paʻa wela maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa māmā. Ma muli o kona ʻano kemika, hiki ke māhele ʻia i: o-hydroxybenzophenones, benzotriazoles, salicylates, triazines, a me nā acrylonitriles i pani ʻia. Hoʻohana pū ʻia e like me ka stabilizer māmā kōkua a me ka stabilizer māmā, ʻoi loa i ka polyolefin a i ʻole nā uhi.
(3) Quencher: Hiki iā ia ke ʻae i ka ikehu i hoʻomoʻa ʻia e ka chromophore i loko o ka plastic, a hoʻomālamalama i ka ikehu ma ke ʻano o ka wela, fluorescence a i ʻole phosphorescence, no laila e pale ai i ka polymer mai ka pōʻino o UV. He hopena kūpaʻa maikaʻi ia ma nā polymers a hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni a me nā fibers. ʻO ka hapa nui o kekahi divalent organic nickel chelates. He maikaʻi ka hana ʻana o nā mea hoʻopaʻa māmā nickel organik, akā ma muli o ka ʻona o nā ion metala kaumaha, hiki ke pani ʻia e nā mea ʻona ʻona ʻole a haʻahaʻa paha.
(4) Free radical trapping agent: Hiki i kēia ʻano stabilizer māmā ke hoʻopaʻa i nā radical manuahi ikaika i hana ʻia i loko o ka polymer, no laila ke kāohi nei i ke kaʻina photooxidation a hoʻokō i ke kumu o ka stabilization māmā. Kāohi nui i ka amine light stabilizer (HALS). ʻO ia ke ʻano hou loa o ka -hoʻopaʻa māmā pono kiʻekiʻe, me ka awelika o ka ulu ʻana o ka koi makahiki he 20% a 30% ma ka honua.
(5) Hydroperoxide decomposer: kekahi o nā mea hoʻokūpaʻa māmā amine. Hiki i nā Polymers ke hana i nā hydroperoxide i ka wā mālama a me ka hana ʻana, e alakaʻi ana i ke kiʻi-degradative oxidative o nā polymers. Hiki i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe Hydroperoxide ke hoʻoheheʻe i nā peroxide, e hoʻohua i nā radical manuahi -oxygen paʻa, a e hopu hou i nā radical manuahi. , Ma laila e pale ai i ka polymer degradation.
