E like me ke kuleana o nā antioxidants kemika, aia kahi pūnaewele o nā enzyme antioxidant e hiki ke pale i nā cell mai ke kaumaha oxidative. No ka laʻana, hoʻololi mua ʻia ka peroxide i ka phosphorylation oxidative i hydrogen peroxide a laila hoʻemi ʻia i ka wai. ʻO kēia kaʻina detoxification ka hopena o ka hana synergistic o nā enzymes lehulehu. ʻO ka hana mua ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka superoxide i ka hydrogen peroxide ma lalo o ka catalysis o superoxide dismutase, a ukali ʻia e kekahi mau peroxidases like ʻole. He kuleana no ka wehe ʻana i ka hydrogen peroxide. E like me ka pono o nā metabolites antioxidant e hui pū a hui pū kekahi i kekahi i ke kaʻina hana antioxidant, pono pū kēia mau enzymes e hui pū kekahi i kekahi ma ke ʻano pale o nā enzyme antioxidant, a ʻaʻole hiki ke pāʻani wale. ʻO kēia no ka nele o kekahi ʻano antioxidant. Ua ʻike ʻia nā enzyme i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana o nā ʻiole transgenic.
Superoxide dismutase, catalase a me peroxidoreductase
ʻO ka Superoxide dismutase kahi papa o nā enzymes pili kokoke i ka decomposition o nā anion superoxide e hana i ka oxygen a me ka hydrogen peroxide.
ʻO Catalase kahi enzyme e hoʻohana ana i ka hao a i ʻole manganese ma ke ʻano he cofactor e hoʻoheheʻe i ka decomposition o ka hydrogen peroxide i loko o ka wai a me ka oxygen. Aia lākou i loko o nā peroxisomes o ka hapa nui o nā cell eukaryotic.
ʻO nā Peroxiredoxins kahi papa o nā peroxidases e hiki ke hōʻemi i ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka hydrogen peroxide, nā peroxide organik a me nā anion peroxynitrite. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana: typical 2-cysteine peroxidase reductase, atypical 2-cysteine peroxidase reductase a me 1-cysteine peroxidase reductase.
ʻO Thioredoxin a me ka ʻōnaehana glutathione
Aia ka ʻōnaehana thioredoxin i ka 12 kilodalton thioredoxin a me ka thioredoxin reductase.
Aia ka ʻōnaehana glutathione i ka glutathione, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase a me ka glutathione S-transferase. Aia kēia ʻōnaehana enzyme antioxidant i nā mea kanu, nā holoholona a me nā microorganism.
